IGEE Proceedings

Volume 3 (3); October 2026

Perspectives

Will We Shape AI, or Will AI Shape Us? A Call to Action for Sustainable Development: Jenny Shipley; IGEE Proc. 2026;3(3):121-124. Published online October 7, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.69841/igee.2026.017

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Building an AI Universal Basic Society: A Call for Global Intelligence Equity: Jiho Cha; IGEE Proc. 2026;3(3):125-128. Published online October 22, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.69841/igee.2026.019

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Letter

Introducing the 2025 ‘Social Engagement Fund’ Cohort: Sarah Soyeon Oh, Eun Kyoung Rhee; IGEE Proc. 2026;3(3):129-132. Published online October 19, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.69841/igee.2026.022

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Articles

Climate Action for Balanced Regional Development: Exploratory Youth Preferences for Renewable Energy Policy Using Conjoint-Informed Scenario Ratings: Sujin Kim, Dain Jin, Sihyun Jung; IGEE Proc. 2026;3(3):133-151. Published online October 20, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.69841/igee.2026.021

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Background
Korea's Renewable Energy 3020 Implementation Plan targeted a 20% share of power generation from new and renewable energy by 2030, yet such sources supplied only 10.6% of electricity in 2024. This implementation gap highlights social acceptance, community governance, and youth civic participation as important barriers alongside technology and finance. Quantitative evidence on which specific policy design attributes shape young Koreans' willingness to participate in renewable energy initiatives remains limited, and the mechanism by which educational engagement translates into pro-environmental behavioral choice has not been directly examined in this population.
Methods
The study employed a two-phase sequential design. Phase 1 consisted of an on-site preliminary field study at the Yeongdeok Renewable Energy Exhibition Hall (November 2025), involving direct observation of operational infrastructure and structured engagement with local cooperative stakeholders to ground subsequent instrument development in real-world context. Phase 2 was a one-group pre-post quasi-experimental online pilot study (N = 50, ages 18-29) in which participants completed a five-stage integrated protocol: a baseline awareness survey, a 15-minute educational video, four gamified learning modules linked to an Energy Coin (E.C.) reward system, a simulated cooperative online market transaction under experimentally induced point-budget constraints, and a post-survey incorporating an exploratory conjoint-informed scenario-rating task across six policy scenarios defined by four attributes (installation location, economic benefit type, participation mechanism, and governance structure). The six profiles are reported explicitly and treated as a burden-reduced profile set for main-effect exploration rather than a fully orthogonal conjoint design. Sample size was determined via G*Power 3.1 analysis of the paired awareness comparison (93% power at n = 50 for a medium within-person effect); the same n is not sufficient for regression-based attribute modelling, so the attribute results are reported as exploratory.
Results
Renewable energy awareness increased significantly from M = 4.2 to M = 5.7 on a 7-point scale (t(49) = 8.34, p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.18). Because the six-profile set cannot identify a full dummy-coded specification, attribute effects are reported as marginal means. Governance structure showed the widest spread (design-dependent relative importance 47.8%; cooperative joint ownership M = 5.69 vs. expert-managed M = 3.92, Δ = +1.77, 95% CI [1.27, 2.26]), followed by economic benefit (26.0%) and installation location (22.2%, Δ = +0.82 for farmland/idle land, 95% CI [0.37, 1.27]); the six scenario profiles accounted for 24.9% of the total variance in ratings (η² = 0.25). Participation mechanism accounted for 4.1% and was not significant; inferential claims are treated cautiously because ratings were repeated within participants, the profile set was small and nonorthogonal, and preferences were measured immediately after the educational intervention. In the only pair of scenarios that differed on governance structure alone (S6 vs. S4), the cooperative joint-ownership profile was rated 1.59 points higher than the expert-managed profile (95% CI [1.08, 2.10]). Energy Coin accumulation was associated with ecofriendly product selection (r = 0.42, 95% CI [0.16, 0.63], p = 0.002), although this association is descriptive because the same E.C. score also determined participants' simulated purchasing budget.
Conclusion
Governance architecture emerged as the strongest observed preference signal among these young Korean university participants, but the finding should be interpreted as exploratory and post-intervention rather than as a stable national estimate for Korean youth. A two-phase design combining field exposure with gamified online simulation was associated with large immediate awareness gains and simulated pro-environmental choice under explicit point-budget tradeoffs, offering a scalable evidence-generating approach for youth-centered climate policy research while requiring replication with more diverse regional and socioeconomic samples.; Summary

Environmental Inequality and Socioeconomic Vulnerability: A Meta-Analysis and Exploratory GIS-Based Spatial Analysis of Seoul: Seoyoung Park, Minseo Kim, Dayoung Lee, Seohyun Lee, Sohye Lee; IGEE Proc. 2026;3(3):152-166. Published online October 22, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.69841/igee.2026.023

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Background
Environmental inequality refers to the unequal distribution of environmental risks and benefits across social groups and geographic areas. Previous studies have reported associations between various environmental indicators and socioeconomic factors; however, substantial heterogeneity across studies has limited the ability to draw generalized conclusions. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize the overall pattern of association between environmental disadvantage and socioeconomic vulnerability reported in previous empirical studies, explore how related spatial patterns are manifested within Seoul, and consider their implications for environmental justice screening and ESG-informed urban environmental governance.
Methods
Following the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review of domestic and international literature was conducted, and a random-effects meta-analysis was performed on ten empirical studies. Effect sizes were based on reported correlation coefficients (r), which were transformed using Fisher’s z transformation, pooled, and subsequently converted back to correlation coefficients. In addition, an exploratory area-level GIS analysis was conducted across 426 administrative dongs (neighborhood-level administrative units) in Seoul, South Korea. Potential environmental burden was represented by the proportion of land area located within a 300-m proximity zone surrounding environmental infrastructure facilities, while housing vulnerability was represented by the proportion of publicly supported housing. The association between these proxy indicators was examined using correlation analysis, and spatial clustering of the environmental facility proximity indicator was assessed using Global Moran’s I and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA).
Results
The meta-analysis yielded a positive pooled association between environmental disadvantage and socioeconomic vulnerability (r = 0.316, 95% CI: 0.183–0.438), although substantial between-study heterogeneity indicated considerable variation across research contexts. The GIS analysis of Seoul identified a weak positive area-level association between the 300-m environmental facility proximity indicator and the publicly supported housing ratio (r = 0.187, R² = 0.035). Furthermore, the Global Moran’s I analysis showed statistically significant positive spatial autocorrelation in the environmental facility proximity indicator (I = 0.216, z = 7.790, pseudo p = 0.001; 999 permutations). A 500-m sensitivity analysis produced similar directional results.
Conclusions
This study quantitatively synthesized evidence suggesting an overall positive relationship between environmental inequality and socioeconomic vulnerability. The Seoul case study further provided exploratory evidence of a weak positive association between environmental facility proximity and the proportion of publicly supported housing, as well as the presence of localized spatial clustering patterns. However, given the limited number of included studies, the substantial heterogeneity among them, and the use of proxy measures for both environmental burden and housing vulnerability in the GIS analysis, the findings should be interpreted as preliminary evidence rather than definitive causal conclusions. Accordingly, the Seoul analysis should be interpreted as a screening-oriented exploratory assessment that may help identify candidate areas for more detailed environmental and socioeconomic investigation, rather than as a stand-alone basis for designating environmentally unjust areas or determining direct policy intervention.; Summary

Where the Effort Disappears: Opacity, Reciprocity, and Household Organic Waste Practice in Hyderabad, India†: Sohye Park, Sara Nuruddin Panjawani; IGEE Proc. 2026;3(3):167-179. Published online October 15, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.69841/igee.2026.020

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Indian waste policy has largely framed the gap between segregation mandates and household practice as a be-havioural problem, to be addressed through messaging and outreach. Where residents already know the rules and still do not follow them, the question becomes under what conditions the practice is sustained. This study ex-amines how urban households in Hyderabad, Telangana, handle organic waste and what judgements about the waste system those practices rest on. Ten household-level semi-structured interviews and in-home observation were conducted, with 35 participants recruited through community networks. Standard composting kits were distributed, followed by a return visit after two and a half months. A contrast observation was conducted in Yavatmal, Maharashtra, where municipal collection is irregular. Data were analysed through reflexive thematic analysis. In Hyderabad, verification of sorted waste stopped at the building gate, where the only visible stage was the watchman consolidating separated bags. Participants explained their departure from official segregation by citing the state's own record, suspending their obligation without denying it. The kits were unused at revisit, yet five of the ten households were diverting peels, eggshells, and used tea to their own plants, one for fifteen years. Set against Yavatmal, where infrequent collection left waste to accumulate and be burned in an open field, the Hyderabad case indicates that where collection infrastructure functions, the obstacle lies in what households can see of it. In the households studied, neither knowledge nor equipment was absent. The findings suggest that intervention should target the visibility of the chain rather than household attitudes, and that performance measurement should record where separation breaks down and whether organic material is diverted at home.; Summary

Can Electric Motorcycles Save Lives? Evidence from Uganda and Rider-Level Barriers to Electric Transition: Hyeongchan Yun, Beomjun Kim, Seoyoon Jung; IGEE Proc. 2026;3(3):180-194. Published online October 13, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.69841/igee.2026.018

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Urban motorcycle taxis, or boda bodas, dominate mobility in Kampala, Uganda, where aging internal combus-tion engine fleets are a primary driver of PM2.5 pollution and associated mortality burdens, yet the transition to electric vehicles (EVs) remains limited. Under a hypothesis that a transition of internal combustion engine motorcycles into electric vehicles will decrease the PM2.5 pollution and eventually generate health benefits, the authors incorporate quasi-experimental method with qualitative thematic analysis. Using a Differ-ence-in-Differences framework that exploits an Ebola-induced mobility lockdown in Mubende district in 2022 as an exogenous shock, we estimate that transportation accounts for approximately 13.9% of ambient PM2.5, implying that full boda boda electrification could reduce total PM2.5 by 5% and avert approximately 58 premature deaths annually in Kampala. Drawing on nine in-depth interviews with boda boda riders analyzed through thematic analysis, we further investigate that adoption hesitancy reflects not attitudinal resistance but three structural barriers: 1) insufficient battery-swap infrastructure generating spatial uncertainty, 2) a policy misalignment between government objectives and riders, and 3) extractive financial structures that amplify income volatility under daily-income dependence. These findings suggest that realizing the public health gains from electrifying motorcycles requires rider-centered policy interventions targeting infrastructure reliability and flexible financing, rather than hardware substitution alone.; Summary

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